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Kadua axillaris

(Wawra) W.L.Wagner & Lorence (2005)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-Asterids Order: Gentianales Family: Rubiaceae Genus: Kadua

kadua, manono

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Shrubs or small trees 2–6 m tall, rarely lianas.

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite, Leaves usually evenly spaced. Blades oblanceolate to elliptic or obovate, 6.4–16 cm long, 2.6–6.5 cm wide. Apex short–acuminate, acute, or sometimes obtuse or rounded. Base obtuse, cuneate, or attenuate. Upper surfaces glabrous; lower surfaces sparsely short–hirtellous, sometimes only along principal veins or glabrous; blades membranous to chartaceous. Margins entire. Lateral veins relatively inconspicuous, arcuate, +/- slightly raised on lower surface, higher order venation inconspicuous. Petioles (0–)0.3–1.7 cm long. Stipules 5–8 mm long, adnate to petioles only at base.

Flowers: Flowers in paniculate inflorescences, axillary or on very short, leafless, lateral branches, sometimes also terminal, inflorescences 2–6 cm long, short–hirtellous or sometimes glabrous, peduncles 4–12 mm long, pedicels 2–5 mm long. Flowers insect-pollinated, bisexual (perfect) or sometimes functionally unisexual, often heterostylous. Calyx lobes erect or slightly spreading, narrowly deltate to linear–deltate, 0.5–0.6 mm long, glabrous or ciliate. Corolla greenish white, the tube sometimes reddish tinged or purple, fleshy, fusiform in bud, salverform, the tube 4–6.5 mm long, +/- puberulent, the limb gradually expanded, weakly quadrangular, 4-5-lobed, the lobes linear, 2.8–3.5 mm long, each with a terminal fleshy appendage; nectary disc present. Stamens as many as and alternate with the corolla lobes, inserted on corolla tube midway or near throat; anthers sessile or on short filaments, dithecal, opening by longitudinal slits. Ovary inferior or partly so, 2(-4)-locular; ovules few to numerous on fleshy placentas near middle of septum; style as many as carpels, cylindrical to filiform, terminal, slender; stigma bilobed or subcapitate, included or exserted.

Fruit: Fruit drupaceous; dark blue or purplish black; 4–6 mm in diameter; persistent calyx lobes erect to somewhat spreading. Seeds few to numerous; variable in shape; hat or fan-shaped and laterally cuneate and compressed; or ovoid to ellipsoid with conspicuous bubble-shaped bodies included in the areoles (cells); or flat and broadly winged with a lateral hilum attached at wing margin; or bricklike or blocky with a centeric adaxial hilum; with well-developed oily endosperm; or endosperm occasionally scanty or absent.

Ploidy: 2n = 72*

Habitat: Occurring in mesic to wet forest.

Elevation Range: 400–1830 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Molokai Endemic
Maui Endemic
Hawai'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: Syst. Bot. 30: 832 (2005)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1146 (Mo, M, H [as Hedyotis hillebrandii]); Terrell et al. 2005:832/Kennedy et al. 2010:23 (COMBNOV, Syn. H. hillebrandii = K. axillaris)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Kadua axillaris Parker Ranch, Paauhau 3 gulch Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4731 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-06
2 Kadua axillaris Upper Hamakua Ditch trail, head of Waipio Valley, boggy situation Preserved_Specimen Small tree, 3.5m. high MacDaniels, L.H. 281 Hawaii BISH 1926-11-19
3 Kadua axillaris Hanalilolilo rainforest Preserved_Specimen 2-3 m shrub; stems pinkish brown; corolla tube 4-5 mm Nagata, K.M. 2688 Molokai BISH 1983-07-28
4 Kadua axillaris Kamokou Preserve, stream near Pu`u o Kaeha, East Moloka`i. Streamside in montane wet Metrosideros forest. Preserved_Specimen Shrub with Small greenish flowers. Pratt, L.W. 1232 Molokai BISH 1982-05-29
5 Kadua axillaris S Kohala District; Kohala Mts; above Koaia Sanctuary E of Transcet 4 below Puu Palailai Metrosideros-Cheirodendron montane wet forest w/ Clermontia kohalae, Asplenium acuminatum, Styphelia, Carex alligata, Cyanea tritomantha, Dryopteris spp., Athyrium microphyllum, Diplazium sandwichianum, bryophytes common in shrub layer. Preserved_Specimen 3.5 m tall, many branched tree; branches pendant, green-brown; corolla yellow-green. Wood, K.R. 4688 Hawaii BISH 1995-10-24
6 Kadua axillaris near Pepeopae Bog In open rain forest Preserved_Specimen Fls. greenish-white; no purple at all Degener, O. 9467 Molokai BISH 1928-04-23
7 Kadua axillaris On Heeds Trail of the Drosophilologists, below water flume (Kula Pipe Line,) west of Waikamoi gulch on lower N. slope of Haleakala Massif, 2.5 mi due ENE of Olinda Wet to mesic cool Montane Rain or Cloud Forest, 15 m tall canopy of Acacia Koa and epiphyte-covered Metrosideros collina & Cheirodendron trigynum; shrub layer of many tree ferns (Cibotium spp., Sadleria, Marattia douglasii,) many small ferns, Cyrtandra spp., etc. in deep mosy peaty mulch on forest floor. Preserved_Specimen Shrub or small tree 3 m; flowers 4 merous c 3-4 mm across; light greenish yellow Bonsey, E. 504 Maui BISH 1967-08-05
8 Kadua axillaris in forests among montain ridges Preserved_Specimen Tree 30 ft. high; fl. white Nelson, D. Hawaii BISH 1779-01-01
9 Kadua axillaris Kamakou Preserve, forest near Pu`u Kolekole, East Moloka`i. Montane Metrosideros forest with native shrubs and alien grasses. Preserved_Specimen Tree with purple flower buds and dark fruit. Pratt, L.W. 1086 Molokai BISH 1982-05-19
10 Kadua axillaris N side of Stainback Hwy. 10 mi above jct with Hwy 11 wet Metrosideros-Cibotium forest Preserved_Specimen ~12' slender tree, with smooth, light brown bark; glossy, coriaceous leaves; purple fruit Herbst, D.R. 872 Hawaii BISH 1968-01-31
11 Kadua axillaris Puu o Kaeha, Kawela side gulch Preserved_Specimen berries dark china blue St.John, H. 12532 Molokai BISH 1932-12-23
12 Kadua axillaris Laupahoehoe section of Hilo FOrest Reserve Closed canopy Metrosideros - Acacia koa forest with mixed native tree understory. Preserved_Specimen Frequent small tree with green flowers and black fruit. Height 20 ft. Davis, J. 486 Hawaii BISH 1981-03-03
13 Kadua axillaris Maunahui, Kaunakakai dry forest, road Preserved_Specimen 10' shrub St.John, H. 12634 Molokai BISH 1932-12-26
14 Kadua axillaris above Akaka Falls, Honomu wet forest Preserved_Specimen 5 m tree Fosberg, F.R. 10464 Hawaii BISH 1933-12-08
15 Kadua axillaris Between Glenwood and 29 miles wet jungle Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 9483 Hawaii BISH 1926-07-24
16 Kadua axillaris Tr 57(169); NW slopes of Mauna Loa; E of Mamalahoa Hwy. Wet `ohi`a forest with other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory. Growing on `a`a substrate. Preserved_Specimen 2 cm Bd; 2.5 m tall Warshauer, F.R. 1863 Hawaii BISH 1978-06-18
17 Kadua axillaris Kona District; Kaumalumalu Along jeep trail Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 6481 Hawaii BISH 1970-07-02
18 Kadua axillaris above Akaka Falls, Honomu wet forest Preserved_Specimen 5 m tree Fosberg, F.R. 10464 Hawaii BISH 1933-12-08
19 Kadua axillaris Puu o Kaeha, Kawela wet forest Preserved_Specimen older leaves dark spotted St.John, H. 12514 Molokai BISH 1932-12-23
20 Kadua axillaris S Kohala Dist; Kohala Mts; Puu Ahia Metrosideros-Cheirodendron Montane wet w/ Clermontia spp. Dicranopteris, Myrsine app;, Melicope clusiifolia, Cyanea tritomantha, Dryopteris glabra, D. acutidens, D. wallichiana, bryophytes common in understory. Preserved_Specimen 7 m tall, many branched; trunk med-brown, smoth bark; branching at 3 m; leaves dull, dark-green on top, paler below; fruit green or purple. Wood, K.R. 4783 Hawaii BISH 1995-11-21
21 Kadua axillaris S Kona District; road from Capt Cook running E to Papaloa, up lower W slope of Mauna Loa, on Kealakekua Ranch of Sherwood Greenwell Tall mixed mesophytic forest with Metrosideros dominant, Acacia koa appearing at ca. 1 km and dominant in some areas, dense Cibotium understory. Preserved_Specimen Shrub 1.5 m tall; epiphytic on Cibotium. Corolla green w/ purple tinge. Ripe fruit fleshy, black; Lorence, D.H. 5853 Hawaii BISH 1988-03-11
22 Kadua axillaris West Maui, Hanaula along pipeline from spring to reservoir; wet forest of Metrosideros, ferns, Broussaisia arguta, Touchardia Preserved_Specimen up 3 m shrub; corolla yellowish green; fruit bluish purple Wagner, W.L. 5870 Maui BISH 1988-03-08
23 Kadua axillaris East Maui, Waihoi Valley, Puu Hoolio with Coprosma, Dicranopteris, Lycopodium cernuum Preserved_Specimen Harrison, B. 2526 Maui BISH 1972-07-20
24 Kadua axillaris East Maui, Makawao Forest Reserve, road to Waikamoi Flume, ~2 mi above Olinda wet forest; with Cheirodendron trigynum, Clermontia arborescens, Sadleria, Acacia koa, Rubus hawaiensis, Coprosma Preserved_Specimen 7' shrub; flower green Gustafson, R. 1114 Maui BISH 1978-07-15
25 Kadua axillaris Near Olaa In forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, I. 9452 Hawaii BISH 1930-05-01
26 Kadua axillaris Puu Makaala, Upper Olaa Forest Reserve, Puna distr Tall, dense forest of Metrosideros, Cibotium, Gouldia, Astelia, etc. Preserved_Specimen Small tree 8'. Inflorescence mostly terminal, rarely axillary, corolla lobes greenish-yellow. Calyx lobes purple. Stipules mucronate, early deciduous. Nagata, K.M. 1873 Hawaii BISH 1979-06-01
27 Kadua axillaris past Kamoku Flats, end of jeep road, Kawela Uka Metrosideros, Dicranopteris, Sadleria Preserved_Specimen 10' shrub Nagata, K.M. 1252 Molokai BISH 1975-03-29
28 Kadua axillaris Tr 81(5); Kohala Mts; 0.5 km NW of Puu Ohu Wet exotic tree plantation with some native trees and an exotic shrub understory. Preserved_Specimen Tree; 7 m Dbh; 5 m tall Stemmermann, R.L. 3995 Hawaii BISH 1979-07-02
29 Kadua axillaris East Maui, Hana Forest Reserve streambank; with Clemontia, Metrosideros, Cheirodendron, Vaccinium Preserved_Specimen Harrison, B. 427 Maui BISH 1973-08-14
30 Kadua axillaris 17 mi from Kohala toward Waimea, mauka of road rain forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 9480 Hawaii BISH 1926-08-14
31 Kadua axillaris Waikolu Valley, below Puu Kaeo wet forest Preserved_Specimen 2 m shrub St.John, H. 23475 Molokai BISH 1948-12-22
32 Kadua axillaris W Maui, Lahaina District, up trail from Haelaau Cabin at transect station 4.5400 mesic forest Preserved_Specimen shrub to 3 m; fruit purple black Annable, C.R. 3858 Maui BISH 1998-03-05
33 Kadua axillaris N side of Stainback Hwy. 10 mi above jct with Hwy 11 wet Metrosideros-Cibotium forest Preserved_Specimen ~12' slender tree, with smooth, light brown bark; glossy, coriaceous leaves; purple fruit Herbst, D.R. 872 Hawaii BISH 1968-01-31
34 Kadua axillaris above Waimea, Parker Ranch woods Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4235 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-09
35 Kadua axillaris East Maui, Koolau Forest Reserve Under Metrosideros, Cheirodendron, Pelea, Ilex. Preserved_Specimen Harrison, B. 348 Maui BISH 1973-07-22
36 Kadua axillaris Waikolu Valley, head, Hanalilolilo wet Preserved_Specimen 6 m tree St.John, H. 12387 Molokai BISH 1932-12-21
37 Kadua axillaris Hanalilolilo Trail below Pepeopae Bog In dense rain forest Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 5412 Molokai BISH 1984-07-17
38 Kadua axillaris East Maui, Hana District, Waihou Valley, Waiohonu Stream rocky banks; with Perrottetia, Metrosideros, Dicranopteris Preserved_Specimen 20' x 4 tree; corolla yellow, 2 mm Nagata, K.M. 1056 Maui BISH 1972-06-29
39 Kadua axillaris East Maui, Nahiku, Kuhiwa Trail, Koolau Forest Reserve Wet woods Preserved_Specimen Tree 8 meters tall, 20 centimeters across, berries purplish black 3-4 millimeters diameter. St.John, H. 17959 Maui BISH 1937-01-02
40 Kadua axillaris Awahi stream above Hilo wet forest Preserved_Specimen 5 m tree, erect; berries black Fosberg, F.R. 10479 Hawaii BISH 1933-12-07
41 Kadua axillaris Haiku-Uka Trail, Haleakala Wet forest Preserved_Specimen Tree 4 meters tall. Fosberg, F.R. 9894 Maui BISH 1933-08-18
42 Kadua axillaris S Kona, Kiilai forest Preserved_Specimen 15-20' tree; branches long, rambling; fruit dark blackish blue Rock, J.F.C. 25705 Hawaii BISH 1957-03-01
43 Kadua axillaris Piihonua; Hilo Forest Reserve, Site 37 OS Ohia-koa dieback. Soil a deep and somewhat poorly drained ash type found on an unknown substrate. Primary vegetation: Acacia koa, Metrosideros polymorpha, Psidium cattleianum, Cheirodendron trigynum, Vaccinium calycinum, Coprosma sp. & Gouldia sp. Preserved_Specimen Adee, K.T. Hawaii BISH 1978-04-17
44 Kadua axillaris Maunahui, Kaunakakai to Hanalilolilo, Kawela open grassy slope Preserved_Specimen 1 m bush St.John, H. 12286 Molokai BISH 1932-12-20
45 Kadua axillaris Wailau, Ninole, Kaa Ahupuaa, SE slope of Mauna Loa, north rim of Wood Valley along pipeline trail. Transect Ha, Station 23. Wet ohia forest with other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory. Preserved_Specimen Small tree, 10 cm Bd, 4 m tall; immature fruit. Jacobi, J.D. 653 Hawaii BISH 1976-05-28
46 Kadua axillaris above Akaka Falls, Honomu wet forest Preserved_Specimen 6 m tree Fosberg, F.R. 10463 Hawaii BISH 1933-12-08
47 Kadua axillaris Kawela AHU. Tr 3(10); W fork of Waikolu Stream, Hanalilolilo; Molokai FR Wet 'ohi' a forest with other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory. Preserved_Specimen Warshauer, F.R. 2418 Molokai BISH 1975-07-15
48 Kadua axillaris Hilo to Kilauea, road, Panaewa woods Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 9484 Hawaii BISH 1926-07-20
49 Kadua axillaris W Maui Mts., Hanaula Primary cloud forest with Myrtaceae and Metrosideros Preserved_Specimen Flowers greenish, fruit blue. Kiehn, M. 89072324 Maui BISH 1989-07-23
50 Kadua axillaris East Maui, 2.5 mi E of Olinda road to flume; Acacia koa-Metrosideros rain forest Preserved_Specimen 15' tree, much branched above; petals light green, with reflexed limbs Henrickson, J.S. 3742 Maui BISH 1969-06-27
51 Kadua axillaris Makawao Distr., Haleakala, Haiku-Uka Trail Wet forest Preserved_Specimen Bush tree 4 m tall Fosberg, F.R. 9874 Maui BISH 1933-08-18
52 Kadua axillaris East Maui, Koolau Forest Reserve, montane rain forest along Olinda Pipeline Trail, between Waikamoi Stream & Honomanu Stream in woods at end of trail Woods Preserved_Specimen Small shrubby tree 4 meters tall, corolla pinkish with greenish lobes. Webster, G.L. 13945 Maui BISH 1968-06-26
53 Kadua axillaris Olinda, along pipeline trail In rainforest. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 9479 Maui BISH 1927-06-24
54 Kadua axillaris S Kona, Honaunau FR, near Kealakekua ranch with Acacia, Metrosideros Preserved_Specimen 10' tree with purplish green flowers; dark purple black fruit Corn, C. 152 Hawaii BISH 1980-03-27
55 Kadua axillaris Maunahui, Kaunakakai to Hanalilolilo, Kawela open grassy forest Preserved_Specimen 1 m bush St.John, H. 12310 Molokai BISH 1932-12-20
56 Kadua axillaris Kona, Kaumalumalu wet Metrosideros forest Preserved_Specimen 15' x 1.5 tree; in flower and fruit Herbst, D.R. 1642 Hawaii BISH 1970-07-03
57 Kadua axillaris near Hilo, along Honolii river, rain forest Preserved_Specimen Small tree, 6m.high MacDaniels, L.H. 244 Hawaii BISH 1926-11-13
58 Kadua axillaris Makawao District, Haiku Uka Trail, Haleakala Wet forest Preserved_Specimen Bush 2 meters tall. Fosberg, F.R. 9872 Maui BISH 1933-08-18
59 Kadua axillaris East Maui, Nahiku, Kuhiwa trail, Koolau Forest Reserve wet woods Preserved_Specimen 7 m x 20 cm tree; fruit dark purplish St.John, H. 17908 Maui BISH 1937-01-02
60 Kadua axillaris Near boundary of Hawaii Natl. Park, at gate near end of road at Great Crack, Kau Desert, old Kau Puna Trail, dry area, Preserved_Specimen tree 20 ft high petals light-green Olson, G.E. Hawaii BISH 1939-06-23
61 Kadua axillaris S. Kona, Honaunau Forest Reserve near Kealakekua Ranch Closed Acacia - Metrosideros forest, mixed native understory of Coprosma, Psychotria, Cheirodendron, Myrsine, Pipturus, Urera. Preserved_Specimen Tree 20' tall, base diameter 4. Flowers purplish green. Davis, J. 251 Hawaii BISH 1980-03-27
62 Kadua axillaris N side of Stainback Hwy. 10 mi above jct with Hwy 11 wet Metrosideros-Cibotium forest Preserved_Specimen ~12' slender tree, with smooth, light brown bark; glossy, coriaceous leaves; purple fruit Herbst, D.R. 872 Hawaii BISH 1968-01-31
63 Kadua axillaris Waiakea; Upper Waiakea Forest Reserve, Site 15 OS (Site 358-20) Ohia-treefern dieback. Soil a deep and moderately well drained organic/ash; substrate unknown. Primary vegetation: Metrosideros polymorpha, Coprosma spp., Ilex anomala, Gouldia sp., Cheirodendron trigynum & Psychotria sandwicensis. Preserved_Specimen Adee, K.T. Hawaii BISH 1978-06-06
64 Kadua axillaris Keahou II, N Kona Dist; forest above Douglas Bong's place at end of Old Poi Factory Rd, about 300 m N of bounday fence with ranch land Disturbed lowland wet forest. Preserved_Specimen Price, J.P. 56 Hawaii BISH 2001-07-21
65 Kadua axillaris West of Puu Kolekole In open to closed Metrosideros forest with Psychotria, Cheirodendron, Rubus hawaiensis, Cyrtandra, and Viola robusta. Preserved_Specimen Tree, 10' tall, with drooping branches. Shiny leaves, green flowers, bright blue fruit. Davis, J. 748 Molokai BISH 1982-05-19
66 Kadua axillaris Maunahui, Kaunakakai dry forest, road Preserved_Specimen 6' shrub St.John, H. 12636 Molokai BISH 1932-12-26
67 Kadua axillaris Maunahui, Kaunakakai to Hanalilolilo, Kawela open grassy forest Preserved_Specimen 2 m bush St.John, H. 12313 Molokai BISH 1932-12-20
68 Kadua axillaris Awahi stream above Hilo wet forest Preserved_Specimen 5 m tree, erect; berries black Fosberg, F.R. 10479 Hawaii BISH 1933-12-07
69 Kadua axillaris East Maui, Makawao Forest Reserve Metrosideros forest Preserved_Specimen Small tree 20 feet, 4 inches in diameter. Little Jr., E.L. 31140 Maui BISH 1976-08-27
70 Kadua axillaris East Maui, Near Ukulele, above Olinda Woods Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 200 Maui BISH 1910-07-01
71 Kadua axillaris Kamakou Preserve, wet gulch west of Puu Kolekole, East Molokai Montane wet Metrosideros forest with native shrubs and ferns. Preserved_Specimen Tree with purple flower buds and dark fruit Pratt, L.W. Molokai BISH 1982-05-19
72 Kadua axillaris Kona, Honaunau FR, N Jeep Rd. wet Metrosideros forest Preserved_Specimen small tree Herbst, D.R. 5426 Hawaii BISH 1975-07-17
73 Kadua axillaris NW Honaunau FR, S Kona rain forest Preserved_Specimen 12 m x 2.5 dm tree; flower greenish; berries 3-4 mm diam., purplish black St.John, H. 18528 Hawaii BISH 1937-12-26
74 Kadua axillaris 22 Mile Rd., 2.5 mi NE of Glenwood, Olaa, Puna rain forest Preserved_Specimen 10 m x 1 dm tree; berries purplish black St.John, H. 18481 Hawaii BISH 1937-12-22
75 Kadua axillaris 17 mi from Kohala toward Waimea, mauka of road rain forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 9480 Hawaii BISH 1926-08-14
76 Kadua axillaris Awehi stream above Hilo Wet forest Preserved_Specimen Erect tree, 6 m tall Fosberg, F.R. 10489 Hawaii BISH 1933-12-07
77 Kadua axillaris East Maui, Between Forest Reserve gate and road to lower Olinda Flume, Waikamoi Moist woods Preserved_Specimen Small tree, 8 feet tall, corolla green, tinged reddish. Crosby, M.R. 1826 Maui BISH 1964-07-19
78 Kadua axillaris above Kamoku Flats, jeep trail rainforest Preserved_Specimen 3 m shrub; inflorescence terminal and axillary; corolla tube 6 mm Nagata, K.M. 2701 Molokai BISH 1983-07-29
79 Kadua axillaris Kohala Forest Reserve, rain forest Preserved_Specimen Small tree, 5m,high MacDaniels, L.H. 328 Hawaii BISH 1926-12-06
80 Kadua axillaris West Maui, near Mt. Eke, Waihee side rain forest; along stream Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 9471 Maui BISH 1927-07-02
81 Kadua axillaris Haiku-Uka Trail, Haleakala, Makawao Dist Wet forest Preserved_Specimen Slender tree 4 meters tall. Fosberg, F.R. 9870 Maui BISH 1933-08-18
82 Kadua axillaris Puu o Kaeha, Kawela forest Preserved_Specimen 5' shrub St.John, H. 12515 Molokai BISH 1932-12-23
83 Kadua axillaris Akaka Falls, Honomu hills; wet forest Preserved_Specimen 5 m slender tree Fosberg, F.R. 10460 Hawaii BISH 1933-12-08
84 Kadua axillaris S Kona, Honaunau FR, near Kealakekua ranch with Acacia, Metrosideros Preserved_Specimen 10' tree with purplish green flowers; dark purple black fruit Corn, C. 152 Hawaii BISH 1980-03-27
85 Kadua axillaris Along pipe line trail, Olinda In rainforest. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 2344 Maui BISH 1927-06-16
86 Kadua axillaris Waikolu Valley, head, Hanalilolilo wet Preserved_Specimen 2 m shrub St.John, H. 12398 Molokai BISH 1932-12-21
87 Kadua axillaris Hilo to Kilauea, road, Panaewa woods Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 9484 Hawaii BISH 1926-07-20
88 Kadua axillaris Haiku-Uka Trail, Haleakala, Makawao District Wet forest Preserved_Specimen Bush 2 meters tall. Fosberg, F.R. 9846 Maui BISH 1933-08-18
89 Kadua axillaris Awehi stream above Hilo wet forest, erect tree 4 m. tall Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. 10486 Hawaii BISH 1933-12-07
90 Kadua axillaris Kahanui AHU. Tr 2(2); Molokai FR; N of Puu Kaeo, ca 100 m from Waikolu Valley Rim Wet 'ohi'a forest with other native trees and a treefern and native shrub understory. Preserved_Specimen 20cm Bd; 6 m tall Warshauer, F.R. 2364 Molokai BISH 1979-06-25
91 Kadua axillaris Puna District; Olaa Forest Reserve. About 10.8 km fr junction of Stainback Hwy and Hwy 17, towards Kulani Prison Closed Metrosideros-Cibotium forest. Preserved_Specimen Few Herat, T. 598 Hawaii BISH 1974-06-15
92 Kadua axillaris Along pipe line trail, Olinda In rainforest. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 2348 Maui BISH 1927-06-14
93 Kadua axillaris Waikolu Valley, head, Hanalilolilo hanging from cliff; wet Preserved_Specimen 6' long shrub St.John, H. 12375 Molokai BISH 1932-12-21
94 Kadua axillaris Haiku-Uka Trail, Haleakala, Makawao District Wet forest Preserved_Specimen Bush 2.5 meters tall. Fosberg, F.R. 9836 Maui BISH 1933-08-18
95 Kadua axillaris Kamokou Preserve, gulch below Puu Kolekole, East Molokai Montane wet Metrosideros forest with native shrubs and ferns Preserved_Specimen Tree with purple flower budes and dark fruit Pratt, L.W. Molokai BISH 1982-05-19
96 Kadua axillaris above Akaka Falls, Honomu wet forest Preserved_Specimen 4 m tree, slender, erect Fosberg, F.R. 10456 Hawaii BISH 1933-12-08
97 Kadua axillaris East Maui, Kula Flume Line, Olinda Swampy woods Preserved_Specimen Tree 20 feet, black fruit. St.John, H. 10317 Maui BISH 1930-02-12
98 Kadua axillaris along pipe line trail, Olinda In rainforest. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 2344 Maui BISH 1927-06-16
99 Kadua axillaris East Maui, Hana District, Hana Forest Reserve, Hana Ranch lands, slope W of Kaihuakala Open wet disturbed slope with lots of Hedychium coronarium, scattered Cheirodendron, Psidium cattleianum, Dicranopteris, Ageratina adenophora. Preserved_Specimen Occasional shrub. Imada, C. 200256 Maui BISH 2002-11-04
100 Kadua axillaris East Maui, Nahiku, Kuhiwa trail, Koolau Forest Reserve wet woods Preserved_Specimen 8 m x 20 cm tree; berries purplish black St.John, H. 17914 Maui BISH 1937-01-02
101 Kadua axillaris Olinda, along pipeline trail In rainforest. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 2354 Maui BISH 1927-06-18
102 Kadua axillaris Koa Mill Rd., Alika, S Kona Metrosideros forest Preserved_Specimen 8 m x 1 dm tree; corolla tube reddish, the rotate lobes greenish, berries purplish black, 3-5 mm diam St.John, H. 18538 Hawaii BISH 1937-12-27
103 Kadua axillaris Waikolu Valley, head, Hanalilolilo Preserved_Specimen 20' tree St.John, H. 12422 Molokai BISH 1932-12-21
104 Kadua axillaris East Maui, Waihoi Valley, Puu Hoolio with Coprosma, Dicranopteris, Lycopodium cernuum Preserved_Specimen Harrison, B. 2526 Maui BISH 1972-07-20
105 Kadua axillaris Waikolu Valley, head, Hanalilolilo Preserved_Specimen 20' tree St.John, H. 12422 Molokai BISH 1932-12-21
106 Kadua axillaris Puu o Kaeha, Kawela Preserved_Specimen to 10' shrub St.John, H. 12519 Molokai BISH 1932-12-23
107 Kadua axillaris Waiakea; Upper Waiakea Forest Reserve, Site 15 OS (Site 358-20) Ohia-treefern dieback. Soil a deep and moderately well drained organic/ash; substrate unknown. Primary vegetation: Metrosideros polymorpha, Coprosma spp., Ilex anomala, Gouldia sp., Cheirodendron trigynum & Psychotria sandwicensis. Preserved_Specimen Adee, K.T. Hawaii BISH 1977-06-06
108 Kadua axillaris E Mapulehu Valley, ridge Preserved_Specimen 20' tree; leaves thin, rugose, dark green St.John, H. 12872 Molokai BISH 1932-12-29
109 Kadua axillaris Head of Waikolu Valley, Hanalilolilo Preserved_Specimen Tree 6 in. thru at base, 20 ft tall St.John, H. 12416 Molokai BISH 1932-12-21
110 Kadua axillaris East Maui, Hana District, Kipahulu Valley, central pali of valley, near its base Preserved_Specimen Plants 3 meters tall, branches flexuous. Lamoureux, C.H. 3911 Maui BISH 1967-08-07
111 Kadua axillaris Waikolu Valley, head, Hanalilolilo Preserved_Specimen 8' shrub St.John, H. 12423 Molokai BISH 1932-12-21
112 Kadua axillaris Kalaupapa; Puu Alii Preserved_Specimen shrub Wysong, M.L. 703 Molokai BISH 2005-03-24
113 Kadua axillaris West Maui, Iao Valley Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 99 Maui BISH 1910-06-01
114 Kadua axillaris E Mapulehu Valley, ridge Preserved_Specimen 20' tree; leaves thin, rugose, dark green St.John, H. 12872 Molokai BISH 1932-12-29
115 Kadua axillaris Waikolu Valley, head, Hanalilolilo Preserved_Specimen 20' x 6 tree St.John, H. 12416 Molokai BISH 1932-12-21
116 Kadua axillaris Ridge right side Kipahulu Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1694 Maui BISH 1919-11-20
117 Kadua axillaris Southwest flank of Mauna Loa, in the ahupuaa of Manuka Metrosideros forest on aa substrate with Cibotium, Nephrolepis, Metrosideros, Psychotria, Styphelia and Vaccinium. Preserved_Specimen Higashino, P.K. 5859 Hawaii BISH 1977-06-19
118 Kadua axillaris Papaaea, N slope of Haleakala Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 2518 Maui BISH 1920-06-14
119 Kadua axillaris Molokai Preserved_Specimen Beardsley, J.W. Molokai BISH 1957-07-16
120 Kadua axillaris Holokaiea Gulch Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4226 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-10
121 Kadua axillaris S. Kona, Honaunau Forest Reserve, Keei 2 Preserved_Specimen Plant 6-8 ft. high, looks somewhat like mountain-apple tree. Kondo, Y. Hawaii BISH 1946-07-30
122 Kadua axillaris Parker Ranch, Paauhau 3 Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4248 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-05
123 Kadua axillaris near Pepeopae Bog In open rain forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 9467 Molokai BISH 1928-04-23
124 Kadua axillaris above Waimea, Parker Ranch woods Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4710 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-09
125 Kadua axillaris Honaunau FR, S Jeep Rd. Preserved_Specimen small tree Herbst, D.R. 1715 Hawaii BISH 1970-07-07
126 Kadua axillaris near Pepeopae Bog Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 9468 Molokai BISH 1928-04-23
127 Kadua axillaris Pukoo Preserved_Specimen Faurie, A. 343 Molokai BISH 1910-05-01
128 Kadua axillaris Between Glenwood and 29 miles In wet jungle Preserved_Specimen Degener, I. 9482 Hawaii BISH 1926-07-24
129 Kadua axillaris Upper end of Hanalilolilo pipe line In rain forest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 9464 Molokai BISH 1928-04-24
130 Kadua axillaris Kipahulu, W part of valley Preserved_Specimen 4 m tree Lamoureux, C.H. 3976 Maui BISH 1967-08-09
131 Kadua axillaris NW Kahaluu FR, N Kona Preserved_Specimen 12 m x 4 dm tree; flower greenish; berries 2-4 mm diam., purplish black St.John, H. 18511 Hawaii BISH 1937-12-25
132 Kadua axillaris East Maui, Koolau Forest Reserve, along the road to Waikamoi Stream Valley at small gulch crossing the road Preserved_Specimen Treelets to 3.5 m; flowers purplish-yellow, uripe fruits green Kiehn, M. 90080321 Maui BISH 1990-08-03
133 Kadua axillaris East Maui, Olinda, Kula pipeline Preserved_Specimen Skottsberg, C.J.F. 860 Maui BISH 1922-10-18
134 Kadua axillaris Wailuku Valley Preserved_Specimen Wawra, H. 1849 Maui BISH 1869-01-01
135 Kadua axillaris Ukulele Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 937 Maui BISH 1919-07-01
136 Kadua axillaris Ukulele Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 967 Maui BISH 1919-07-01
137 Kadua axillaris Kamakou Preserve, 1/4/ mi below Kawela Intake Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 5427 Molokai BISH 1984-07-17
138 Kadua axillaris Waikolu Valley, head, Hanalilolilo Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 12366 Molokai BISH 1932-12-21
139 Kadua axillaris Holokaiea Gulch Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4714 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-10
140 Kadua axillaris Upper Maunahui Camp Preserved_Specimen Cranwell, L.M. 2528 Molokai BISH 1938-07-07
141 Kadua axillaris Kohala District; above Waimea Reservoir. E of Mt Kaala Preserved_Specimen Christensen, C. 2 Hawaii BISH 1964-06-06
142 Kadua axillaris Pawaina-Pauahi-Papaloa Trail in omega 1 Ranch,ca. Kealakekua Preserved_Specimen Ozaki, E.T. 1352 Hawaii BISH 1954-12-29
143 Kadua axillaris Above Kamalo, near Pelekunu pali Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 7016 Molokai BISH 1910-04-01
144 Kadua axillaris Above Kamalo, near Pelekunu pali Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 7016 Molokai BISH 1910-04-01
145 Kadua axillaris Kipahulu Valley above the plantation Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1628 Maui BISH 1919-11-13
146 Kadua axillaris Kipahulu Valley above the plantation Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 1628 Maui BISH 1919-11-13
147 Kadua axillaris West Maui Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 6173 Maui BISH 1910-08-01
148 Kadua axillaris West Maui Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 6173 Maui BISH 1910-08-01
149 Kadua axillaris East Maui, Hamakua Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8535 Maui BISH 1910-09-01
150 Kadua axillaris Holokaiea Gulch Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 4244 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-10
151 Kadua axillaris East Maui, Hamakua Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8535 Maui BISH 1910-09-01
152 Kadua axillaris Between Kalahuapueo and Hanalilolilo Preserved_Specimen Krajina, V.J. 620611099 Molokai BISH 1962-06-11
153 Kadua axillaris East Maui, woods near Ukelele, above Olinda Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 200 Maui BISH 1910-07-01
154 Kadua axillaris W Maui Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 6173 Maui BISH 1910-08-01
155 Kadua axillaris Olinda Pipeline Trail Preserved_Specimen Meebold, A. Maui BISH 1935-10-01
156 Kadua axillaris Kohala Mts. Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. Hawaii BISH 1961-05-07
157 Kadua axillaris Hamakua Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. Maui BISH
158 Kadua axillaris Waikolu Valley, head of and at E. rim Preserved_Specimen Kondo, Y. Molokai BISH 1962-06-18
159 Kadua axillaris unknown Preserved_Specimen Gillett, G.W. 1728 BISH 1965-04-19
160 Kadua axillaris unknown Preserved_Specimen Fosberg, F.R. BISH 1935-07-03
161 Kadua axillaris unknown Preserved_Specimen BISH 1935-07-03
162 Kadua axillaris Koolau Forest Reserve, Kula Pipeline lower flume of pipeline, (now abandoned) Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 6559 Maui BISH 1970-08-16
163 Kadua axillaris West Maui Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 6173 Maui BISH 1910-08-01
164 Kadua axillaris East Maui, Hana District, Kipahulu Valley, lower valley Preserved_Specimen Medeiros, A.C. 437 Maui BISH 1983-07-08
165 Kadua axillaris unknown Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. BISH
166 Kadua axillaris Haiku-Uka Trail, Haleakala Wet forest Preserved_Specimen Tree 4 meters tall Fosberg, F.R. 9894 Maui BISH 1933-08-18
167 Kadua axillaris SW Mauna Loa, Manuka closed Metrosideros forest on aa; with Cibotium, Nephrolepis, Astelia, Alyxia, Myrsine, Styphelia, Vaccinium Preserved_Specimen Higashino, P.K. 5968 Hawaii BISH 1977-07-03
168 Kadua axillaris Kona District, Kaumalumalu Along jeep trail Preserved_Specimen Sohmer, S.H. 6919 Hawaii BISH 1970-07-03
169 Kadua axillaris Waikamoi Rainforest Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 27612 Maui BISH 1961-07-04
170 Kadua axillaris East Honomanu montane wet forest, 50-70% closed canopy, 15 m; Metrosideros polymorpha, Cheirodendron trigynum, Broussaisia arguta, Ilex anomala, Myrsine lessertiana, Melicope clusiifolia, Hedyotis terminalis, H. hillebrandii, Coprosma ochracea, C. montana, C. foliosa, Vaccinium calycinum, V. dentatum, Styphelia tameiameiae, Rubus hawaiensis, Astelia menziesiana Preserved_Specimen 4 m tree; stems gray brown, moderately branched; leaves dark glossy green, below lime green Wood, K.R. 11833 Maui BISH 2006-04-12
171 Kadua axillaris East Maui, Hana District, Waihoi Valley, Puu Hoolio With Coprosma, Dicranopteris, Lycopodium cernuum. Preserved_Specimen Harrison, B. 2526 Maui BISH 1972-07-20
172 Kadua axillaris Molokai Forest Reserve Along small river after bridge after first tunnel Preserved_Specimen Kiehn, M. 92081751 Molokai BISH 1992-08-17
173 Kadua axillaris Maunahui, Kaunakakai to Hanalilolilo, Kawela open grassy forest Preserved_Specimen 1 m bush St.John, H. 12304 Molokai BISH 1932-12-20
174 Kadua axillaris E Kawela Gulch, bridge rainforest Preserved_Specimen 2-3 m shrub; inflorescence terminal and axillary; corolla tube 4 mm Nagata, K.M. 2697 Molokai BISH 1983-07-29
175 Kadua axillaris above Akaka Falls, Honomu wet forest Preserved_Specimen 4 m slender, erect tree Fosberg, F.R. 10466 Hawaii BISH 1933-12-08
176 Kadua axillaris Hab. In sylvis inter juga montium. In montain forest. Preserved_Specimen Arbor 30 ped. Fl. Albi. Tree 30 feet. Flowers white. Nelson, D. Hawaii BISH
177 Kadua axillaris NW Honaunau FR, S Kona moist Cibotium forest Preserved_Specimen 9 m x 2 dm tree; flower green St.John, H. 22535 Hawaii BISH 1947-01-04
178 Kadua axillaris Makawao District, Haiku-Uka Trail, Haleakala Wet forest Preserved_Specimen Scandent shrub 2 meters tall. Fosberg, F.R. 9887 Maui BISH 1933-08-18
179 Kadua axillaris Puu o Kaeha, Kawela open forest Preserved_Specimen scandent shrub St.John, H. 12517 Molokai BISH 1932-12-23
180 Kadua axillaris Awehi Stream above Hilo wet forest, edge of gulch Preserved_Specimen slender erect tree; flowers greenish inside, purple outside Fosberg, F.R. 10495 Hawaii BISH 1933-12-07
181 Kadua axillaris S Kona, Honakua forest Preserved_Specimen tree with long, rambling, drooping branches Rock, J.F.C. Hawaii BISH 1956-03-15
182 Kadua axillaris Waimea to upper Hamakua ditch, Kohala Mts. wet forest Preserved_Specimen 3 m bush Fosberg, F.R. 10241 Hawaii BISH 1933-09-03
183 Kadua axillaris Makawao, Haiku Uka, NW Haleakala, ridge E of Opana Gulch wet koa-ohia forest with native trees, shrubs, treefern Preserved_Specimen 3 m x 3 cm shrub Warshauer, F.R. 2750 Maui BISH 1980-06-27
184 Kadua axillaris along pipe line trail, Olinda In rainforest. Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 2348 Maui BISH 1927-06-14
185 Kadua axillaris Between Glenwood and 29 miles wet jungle Preserved_Specimen Degener, O. 9483 Hawaii BISH 1926-07-24
186 Kadua axillaris Awehi stream above Hilo Wet forest Preserved_Specimen Erect tree, 6 m tall Fosberg, F.R. 10489 Hawaii BISH 1933-12-07
187 Kadua axillaris Punaula Valley canyon bottom Preserved_Specimen 15' tree, slender; leaves rugose, venulose beneath, dark green St.John, H. 12814 Molokai BISH 1932-12-28
188 Kadua axillaris Puu Makaala, upper Olaa FR, Puna distr dense, wet Metrosideros-Cibotium-Gouldia-Astelia forest. Preserved_Specimen Tree 10'ht, 2dbh. Infl. axillary, pedancles to 4mm. Nagata, K.M. 1880 Hawaii BISH 1979-06-01
189 Kadua axillaris S rim of Waikolu Valley, near Hanalilolilo Just downwind slope of ridge Preserved_Specimen Bushy, ca. 8 ft. tall. Calyx bluish tipped; corolla whitish; stigmas white. Crosby, M.R. 1679 Molokai BISH 1964-07-05
190 Kadua axillaris ridge E of Mapulehu Valley moist forest Preserved_Specimen 15' tree St.John, H. 12908 Molokai BISH 1932-12-29
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